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CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  canadien  de  microreproductions  historiques 


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The< 
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I    Cover  title  missing/ 
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D 
D 


D 


itre  de  couverture  manque 


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nr. 


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D 
D 
D 

0 

D 
E 
E 
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n 


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obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


Thei 
possi 
of  th 
filmii 


Orlgii 
begir 
the  [{ 
sion, 
other 
first  I 
jion, 
or  illi 


Thejj 
shall 
TINU 
whici 

Maps 

differ 

entire 

begin 

right 

requii 

methi 


I 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  filmA  au  taux  de  reduction  indiquA  ci-dansous. 

10X  14X  18X  22X 


26X 


30X 


12X 


lex 


/ 


20X 


T 


24X 


28X 


32X 


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TINUED"), or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  "END"), 
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method: 


Les  images  suivantes  ont  6t6  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  et 
de  la  nettetd  de  rexempla<re  film^,  et  en 
conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
filmage. 

Les  exemplaires  originaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  imprimde  sont  film6s  en  commenpant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration,  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  selon  le  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  filmds  en  commenpant  par  la 
premidre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 

Un  des  s/mboles  suivants  apparaitra  sur  la 
dernidre  imaga  de  cheque  microfiche,  solon  le 
cas:  le  symbole  — ►signifie  "A  SUIVRL ',  le 
symbole  "7  signifie  "FIN  ". 

Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  Atre 
filmds  d  des  taux  de  reduction  diff^rents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  Atre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clichii,  il  est  film6  d  partir 
de  I'angle  supirieur  gauche,  de  gauche  &  droite, 
et  de  h9ut  en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  ndcessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  m6thade. 


1 

2 

3 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

I 


<i-)^.^Z 


COMPENDIOUS  HISTORY 


OF   rHE 


LATE  WAR ; 


CONTAININa     AN     ACCOUNT     OF 


ALL  THE  IMPORTANT  BATTLES, 


AND  MANY 


OF  THE  SMALLEE  ACTIONS 


BETWEEN   THE 


AMERICAN, 


AND  TUB 


BRITISH  FORCES,  AND  INDIANS, 


IN  THE  YEARB  1811,  1812,  1813,  1814,  1815. 


BOSTON  ; 
PUBLISHED  BY  /  W.  BURDITT 

i8i0. 


I 


NOTICE. 


I 


THE  Compiler  of  the  followiug  CompeDdiom  HWonr,  te. 
bera  leave  l«  inform  his  frieod^  »ho  requerted  a  ™Py»f '"«""■ 
3»  which  he  delivered  on  the  late  day  of  Publiek  Thaakj.v- 
iog  on  account  of  the  Peace,  that  th.  little  .ork  no«  offered  to 
them,  wa.  to  have  been  annexed  to  the  Di«M,urBe^  bat  ma  more 
contracted  form,  a.  an  Appendix ;  but  a,  the  matenafe  oouW  uo.be 
all  collected  before  the  Di«.onrse  »aB  called  for,  the  prop««>d  ap- 

dendix  was  then  omitted. 

We  may  no  doubt  increase  our  pious  gratitude,  now  we  arc  en- 
pyingthebleB«iugsofpeace,by  caUiog  to  mind  the  distressing  ar- 
iuUnces,  and  L  bloody  conflicts  to  .hich  many  o  our  feUow 
citizens  were  subjected,  whde  the  war  continued.  In  this  view, 
the  following  little  work  may  be  useful. 

It  is  not  pretended,  that  the  account  of  the  smalUr  actrnts^s 
perfect.    In  the  vexatious  and  predatoiy  warfare  earned  on  by 
British  Squadrons  on  the  coasts  of  the  United  Statec^on  the  bay. 
^nd  rivers,  and  particularly  on  the  Chesapeake,  and  the  nverso. 
Maryland  and   Virginia,  there  were  unwarrantable  depredat   ns 
attended  with  frequent  skirmishing,  between  parties  ot  the  15n  si 
fo«.es,and  the  American  militia,  in  which  lives  were  lost.    But 
however  imperfect  the  narrative  may  be,  on  account  of  its  brevity, 
it  is  presumed,  the  facts  as  far  as  they  are  stated,  are  correct,  as  the 
documents  have  been  chiefly  furnished  from  official  accounts,  and 
communications  from  gentlemen  of  great  respectability,  som.  ol 
>Thom  were  in  several  of  the  principal  battles. 


a  ^^^' 


C( 


AS 
compendi 
my  with  i 
vseveral  m 
I'rnment  o 
an  armed 
iia,  was  n 
to  an  inqi 
had  comi 
and  wen 
white  peo 
a  wild  ch 

It  is 
have  long 
hensions, 
which  the 
the  India] 
with  resp 
England, 
tbe  weste 
for  their  a 
fvuu  iuo  ei 


COMPENDIOUS  HISTORY,  &c. 


AS  the  first  battle  which  we  sliall  enter  on  this 
compendious  history,  was  fought  by  an  American  ar- 
my with  an  army  of  Indians  on  the  western  frontier, 
several  months  before  war  was  declared  by  the  gov- 
irnment  of  the  United  States,  many  will  inquire,  why 
an  armed  force,  consisting  of  regular  troops  and  mili- 
tia, was  marched  into  the  Indian  country  ?  In  answer 
to  an  inquiry  of  this  sort,  it  is  said,— The  Indians 
had  committed  many  acts  of  violence  and  cruelty, 
and  were  at  that  time,  menacing  the  unprotected 
white  people  on  their  borders,  under  the  direction  of 
a  wild  chieftain,  who  pretended  to  be  a  prophet. 

It  is  well  known,  that  the  Indians  at  the  west, 
have  long  possessed  the  same  jealousies  and  appre- 
hensions, with  respect  to  their  white  neighbours, 
which  the  early  historians  of  our  country  inform  us, 
the  Indians  at  the  north  and  at  the  east  entertained 
with  respect  to  the  first  European  settlers  in  New 
England.  And  if  we  have  not  been  misinformed, 
the  western  tribes  havQ  had  much  stronger  reasons 
for  their  apprehensions,  than  the  tribes  at  the  north 


and  the  east. 


6 


The   Indians  at  the  west,  have  frequently  and 
grievously  compiained  of  the  encroachments  made  on 
their  possessions,  and  of  the  acts  i>f  fraud  and  vio- 
lence committed  by  hunters,  and  other  wliite  people, 
who  have   come   among  them.      Those  complaints 
have  been  heard  by  commissioners  appointed  on  the 
part  of  the  United  States  to  treat  with  the  Indians. 
Bat  treaties  have  not  effectually  secured  the  natives 
of  the   wiiderness  against  encroachments;  or  inno- 
cent people  on  the  frontiers,  against  savage  cruelties. 
1  he  writer  of  this,  is  possessed  of  several  anec- 
dotes, which   express  the   fears   and  apprehensions, 
wiiich  the  Indians  on  the  western  borders  have  long 
entertained. 

1  he  two  following  are  pertinent,  and  are  wortli 
preserving.  At  the  time  when  a  convention  of  dele- 
gates from  the  several  states  assembled  at  Philadel- 
phia ( 1787)  to  agree  on  a  federal  constitution,  a  dep- 
utation from  various  tribes  of  Indians  appeared,  and 
requested  to  be  heard. 

The  honourable  member  of  the  convention  who 
gave  the  writer  of  this,  the  account  now  to  be  related, 
enumerated  several  of  the  tribes  then  represented  ; 
which,  as  nearly  as  can  now  be  recollected,  were  the 
Chippewas,  Ottawas,  Chactaws,  Shawnees,  Creeks 
and  Delawares,  The  chief  speaker,  a  Chippewa,  in  a 
long  speech,  stated  to  General  Washington,  and  the 
convention,  the  sufferings,  to  which  his  and  other  tribes 
were  subjected,  from  the  lawless  people  who  frequent- 
ed the  woods,  and  often  made  depredations  upon  them. 
He  stated  that  those  people,  not  only  came  into  their 
hunting  grounds,  but  invaded  their  cabins,  and  stole 
their  furs  and  skins  ;  and  what  was  still  worse,  they 
were  known  to  lie  in  wait  for  their  hunters,  when  re- 


ueutly  and 
its  made  on 
d  and  vio- 
lite  people^ 
complaints 
ted  on  the 
le  Indians, 
btie  natives 
;  or  inno- 
B  cruelties, 
ireral  anec- 
cetiensions^ 
have  long 

are  worth 
n  of  dele- 
Philadel- 
on^  a  dep- 
eared,  and 


ntion  who 

)e  related, 

►resented  ; 

,  were  the 

(s,  Creeks 

pewa,  in  a 

N,  and  the 

ther  tribes 

» frequent- 

pon  them. 

into  their 

and  stole 

arse,  thev 

when  re- 


I 


turning  home,  and  rob  them,  and  often  kill  them. 
The  speaker  became  extremely  pathetick,  and  wept 
praying  that  some  measures  might  be  adopted  by  the 
government  of  the  United  States,  to  protect  them. 

When  the  hearing  was  ended,  as  the  member  of 
the  convention  from  whom  this  anecdote  was  received, 
was  retiring  with  his  friend  t(>  their  lodging,  he  said 
to  his  friend,— This  Indian  has  attempted  to  impose 
upon    us  shamefully  :    his  story,  certainly,  cannot 
be  true  :  we  certainly  can  have  no  people  as  bad  as 
this  fellow  relates.     His  friend  replied  :  The  Indian 
speaks  the  truth,  and  nothing  but  the  truth.     Our 
hack-woods  people  are  as  bad,  they  are  quite  as  bad, 
as  this  Indian  represents  them  to  be.     The  first  mem- 
ber replied.  Why  do  you  not  apprehend  these  people 
and  punish  them.    His  friend  answered, — It  is  impos- 
sible :  No  jury  can  be  found  in  the  counties  where 
such  crimes  are  committed,  who  will  bring  in  a  white 
man  guilty,  however  clear  the  evidence  may  be,  for 
killing  an  Indian,     Both  of  the  honourable  gentlemer, 
it  is  believed,  are  still  living,  but  the  writer  does  not 
conceive  it  would  be  proper  to  mention  tlieir  names. 
The  other  anecdote,  expressive  of  like  feelings  and 
apprehensions  of  the  western  Indians,  which  we  pro- 
posed to  mention,  is  the  following. 

At  a  treaty  with  some  tribes  in  the  western  states, 
at  which  the  late  General  Lincoln  was  present ; 
when  at  leisure,  the  General  and  several  of  the  In- 
dians were  sitting  on  a  fallen  tree,  the  end  of  which 
reached  very  near  a  deep  stream  of  water.  The  Gen- 
eral sat  on  the  part  nearest  the  stream,  and  an  Indian 
Chief  next  to  him.  The  Indian  said,  pleasantly,  to 
the  General,  sit  a  little  farther ;  the  General  did  so. 
He  nresentlv  said.  General,  git  a  little  farther ;  he  did 

a.  «■  .-  .-  -  ■ 


so,  which  brought  him  very  near  tlie  entl.  The  In- 
dian said  again,  Greneral, — a  little  farther  ;  the  Gea 
eral  replied  ; — You  will  push  me  into  the  water.  The 
native  of  the  wilderness  answered, — So  you,  w^ite 
people,  intend  to  make  us  poor  Indians,  remove,  little 
by  little,  and  then  push  us  into  the  water,  where  the 
8un  goes  down. 

W  ords  need  not  be  multiplied  to  show,  that  the 
Indians  at  the  West,  as  well  as  at  the  East,  have  en* 
tertained  strong  suspicions,  that  tiie  white  people  had^ 
antl  still  have,  evil  designs  against  them  ;  and  it  is 
much  to  be  regretted,  thai  ^hey  have  had,  and  that 
many  still  have,  too  much  cause-  for  such  suspicions.* 

Since  the  peace  of  1783,  tiiC  western  frontiers 
have  been  frec^uently  in  a  state  of  alarm,  and  in  1791 
General  St.  Clair,  and  a  considerable  force  under  his 
command,  were  totally  defeated  by  a  body  of  Indians, 
who  thought,  whether  justly  or  not,  that  his  possess- 
ing the  fVeatern  Territory,  would  be  inconsistent 
with  their  safety. f 

That  tlie  frcmtiers  of  Ohin,  and  Tennesee,  and 
tome  of  the  other  states  were  in  danger,  at  the  time 
when  Governor  Harrison  marched  an  army  into  the 
Indian  country,  and  menaced  the  Prophet's  town,  is 
not  questioned  ;  but  wiiether  the  Indians  had  not  been 
previously  injured  and  provoked  may  be  a  question. 
But  as  it  will  not  comport  with  the  plan  of  this  Jour- 
nal of  Battles  and  Slcirmishes,  to  consider  tne  parti- 
cular grounds  of  the  war,  either  with  the  Indians,  or 
with  Great  Britain,  we  proce  1  to  the  Mmple  narra- 
tive. 

•  Dr.  C.  Mather's  Account  of  the  Inciian  Wars.    Hutch.  Hist.  V.  L  p.  2?i 
t  Holmes'  Annals,  Vol.  IL  p.  486. 


a 


a 


6i 


.  The  In- 
;  the  Gea- 
ater.  The 
you,  white 
move,  littl 
,  where  the 


iw,  that  the 
tf,  have  en- 
[jeople  had, 
;  and  it  is 
I,  and  that 
iispicions.* 
n  frontiers 
nd  in  1791 
B  under  his 
of  Indians, 
lis  possess- 
ncousistent 

nesee,  and 
ftt  the  time 
\y  into  the 
's  town,  is 
id  not  been 
3,  question. 
'  this  Jour- 
•  tne  parti- 
[ndiuns,  or 
iple  narra- 


t.  V.  L  p.  2?i 


9 

Battle   icith  an  army  of  Indians  at  Tippacfinoe,  on 
the  7th  of  J^hvemher,  1811. 

Governor  Harrison  havins;  advanced  with  an  army, 
consisting  of  regulars  and  militia,  amounting  to  near- 
ly a  thousand  men,  far  into  the  Indian  country,  halted 
on  the  6th,  near  the  Prophet's  town.  On  the  morning 
of  the  7th,  before  day  light,  the  airay  was  surprised  and 
attacked  in  their  eneampmen*  by  four  or  live  hundred 
Indians,  under  the  direction  of  the  Prophet  and  his 
brother  Tecumseh.  The  sentinels  and  the  guards  fled 
into  the  c  mp,  and  the  Indians  immediately  followed 
them.  Tht  conflict  was  severe  and  bloody.  Such  as 
were  awaked  by  the  first  noise  seized  their  arms  and 
made  a  brave  defence  ;  others  who  were  more  iardy 
"  had  to  contend  with  the  enemy  at  the  doors  of  their 
"  tents."  When  there  was  sufficient  light  to  act  with 
advantage  the  Indians  were  charged  and  "  dislodged 
"  from  their  advantageous  position,  by  Capt.  SnelUng 
'^  at  the  head  of  his  company,"  and  were  soon  forced 
from  the  battle  ground.  By  the  return  made  to  the 
commander,  by  the  Af'jutant  of  the  army,  the  whole 
number  of  killed  and  wounded  were  188,  including 
many  valuable  oflicers.  The  number  of  the  Indiana 
killed  is  not  known.  *•  They  left  from  thirty  six  to 
"  forty  on  the  fie.d,  and  were  s?en  to  carry  off,  not 
"  only  the  wounded,  but  the  dead." 

On  the  25th  of  July,  1812,  a  scouting  party,  of 
one  hundred  men,  from  General  HuWs  army,  were 
attacked  by  about  the  same  number  of  Indians,  near 
the  river  Canau,  and  after  skirmishing  two  or  three 
hoars,  returned  to  the  main  body,  having  lost  four 
men  killed,  and  two  wounded.  It  was  ascertained 
by  deserters,  that  the  Indians  lost  10  or  12  killed,  and 
many  more  wounded.    Col.  Cass  gives  an  account  of 


10 

this  action,  and  says,  ''  Lieut.  Col.  Millpr  conducted 
"  in  a  most  able  and  spiiiteil  manner."  General 
Hull  is  uow  at  Sandwich,  liavins;  entered  Upper  Can- 
ada nt  i\ni  haiul  oi'  the  northwestern  army,  without 
opposition.  The  American  flaa;  is  proudly  waving  in 
a  province  of  the  British  dominions.  But  we  shall 
soon  learn  the  triumph  was  short.  The  General,  and 
all  his  army,  soon  after  surrendered  to  a  force  which 
thev  exnected  to  conouer,  and  suhraitted  to  the  hum- 
1)lc  condition  of  prisoners  of  war. 

T!u'  he-inniui;  of  Auj^ust,  Mnjor  Van  Horn  was 
:sent  to  oj)en  i\n-  road  from  Ohio,  \\  hich  had  heen  ob- 
stiucled  l.y  a  hody  of  Indians,  and  was  opposed  with  a 
superior  force,  and  ohlii;ed  to  retreat,  with  the  loss  of 
iive  or  six  oilicers,  and  about  twenty  men. 

Ani^ust  8th,  Col.  Miller  was  detached,  to  proceed 
to  the  River  llazin,  with  the  1th  regiment  of  United 
States  troops  and  detachments  from  the  Ohio  and 
Michii-an  volunteers,  the  whole  iorce  consisting  of 
six  hundred  fo(  and  forty  cavalry.  They  were  met 
about  three  miles  from  Brownslown,  and  opjmsed  by 
a  body  of  British  troops,  about  three  hundred,  and  a 
lar-e  number  of  Indians.  A  severe  battle  ensued. 
The  British  troops  and  Indians  were  ol)liged  to  give 
wav,  and  retreated  wiih  ij;re;.t  precipitation.  The 
loss  on  the  American  shle  was  four  officers  wounded  ; 
i,i}xi^nty  live  non-commissioned  officers  and  privates 
killed  and  wounded  :  and  priiu-ipally  of  the  fourth 
re-imi'nt.     Seven  British  and  forty  Indians  were  left 

on  the  fu'bl. 

August  lOth,  1818.  General  JIuH  siirrendered 
Ifpfrnit,  and  all  under  his  comnuind,  to  Major  (iener- 
al  firork,  conunandinii;  his  I'lritannick  Majesty-s  iorees 
ill  Upper  Canada.     General  Hull,  in  his  official  kttpr 


11 


to  the  Secretary  of  War,  states,  that  he  had  not  more 
than  eight  hundred  effective  men,  a  force  by  no  means 
sufficient  to  meet  the  enemy  iu  the  field ;  and  as  tlie 
fort  was  open  to  shells  and  shot  from  the  batteries,  it 
was  not  a  place  of  safety  for  the  p;arrison,  the  sick,  the 
women  and  ai^ed  people  from  the  neii:;hbourhood,  who 
had  crowded  into  it.  For  these,  and  many  other  rea- 
sons  stated  in  the  official  letter,  General  Hull  found 
himself  under  imperious  necessity  to  surrender,  on 
such  terms  as  lie  was  able  to  make.  And  thus  e»ided 
ihi^fivat  attempt  to  take  the  province  of  Upper  Cana- 
da ;  a  thing  which  no  doubt  General  //«//,  and  many 
others,  who  were  warm  advocates  for  the  late  war^ 
supposed  might  be  easily  done. 

October  13,  1812.  A  second  invasion  was  made  on 
Canada,  which  proved  no  less  unfortunate  than  the 
first  made  by  General  JMl.  Col.  Van  Rensselaer, 
aid  to  General  Van  Rensselaer,  of  the  New  York 
militia,  conducted  this  expedition.  He  crossed  over, 
with  the  troops  under  his  command,  from  the  Ameri- 
can side,  near  (Jueenstown,  and  immediately  ou  their 
landing  were  opposed  by  t!ie  enrvjiy,  who  were  pre- 
pared to  receive  them.  A  severe  conllict  ensued,  and 
the  enemy  were  driven  up  a  steep  bank,  "  with  a 
"  bravery  which  could  not  be  exceeded.''  The  Amer- 
can  colours  were  again  planted  iu  the  Upper  Canada. 
But  reinforcements  arriving  under  General  llvock,  the 
enemy  returned  to  the  charge.  C(d.  Van  Jlenssrlaer 
was  severely  wounded  soon  after  he  landed ;  but  still 
being  able  to  stand,  *'  with  great  presence  of  mind, 
**  he  ordered  his  officers  to  i»roceed  with  rapidity,  and 
"  storm  the  fort ;''  which  was  done,  antl  the  enemy 


^TCIU    ?XSn^-Zi    JII    it  1 1    till  x.:\.tlXTitr:» 


At  thi*^  time  powo'-ru! 
reinforeemeul!*  joined  the  enemy  from  Kort  (»eorge,  and 


is, 


V 


as  no  reinforcements  could  be  obtained  from  the  Amer- 
ican side,  the  conflict  became  unequal.  "'  The  ene- 
^*  my  at  length  succeeded  in  repossessing  their  bat- 
^*  tery ;  and  gaining  advantage  on  every  side.  The 
^^  Americans,  exhausted  of  strength  an<l  ammunition, 
**  anu  grieved  at  the  unpardonable  neglect  of  their 
"  fellow  soldiers,  gave  up  the  conflict." 

The  army  v\  Inch  crossed  over  to  invade  Canada 
is  stated  to  be,  not  far  from  1000.  The  n«iml>ers  kil- 
led an<l  wounded  are  variously  stated.  Certain  it  is, 
that  except  a  l^w,  who  made  their  escape,  and  re- 
crossed  to  the  American  side,  the  whole  army  was 
lost,  in  killed  and  wounded  and  prisoners.  General 
Bensselaer  states  in  his  official  letter  to  Major  Gen- 
eral Dearborn,  "  The  slaughter  of  our  troops  must 
"  ha\e  been  very  considerable,  and  the  enemy  have 
"  suflered  severely.  General  Brock  is  among  the 
^*  slain,  and  his  aid  de-camp  mortally  wounded." 

In  November,  1813,  a  detachment  from  General 
Hopkins'  army  under  Col.  Russell  with  four  hundred 
men,  succeeded  in  surprising  one  of  the  Pioria  towns. 
It  was  defended  by  abimt  one  hundred  and  fifty  war- 
riors, who  left  twenty.fivc  killed,  and  the  survivora 
fled  to  a  neighbouring  swamp. 

On  the  17th  November,  an  expedition  under  Col. 
Campbell  surprised  and  destroyed  one  of  the  Massa- 
sinowa  towns,  driving  the  Savages  across  the  river  of 
that  name,  having  killed  seven  and  made  thirty  seven 
prisoners,  with  the  loss  of  but  two  killed.  On  the 
next  day,  they  were  attacked  by  a  strong  reinforce- 
ment of  Savages,  and  ihe  action  lasted  with  unabated 
fury,  f«)r  one  hour  ;  at  length,  however,  they  were 
defeated  with  the  loss  of  forty  killed,  and  many 
wounded. 


13 


After  the  defeat  of  Col.  Van  Rensselaer  at  Queens- 
town,  General  Alexander  Smyth,  confident  of  better 
success,  planned  an  expedition  to  invade  Canada,  by 
crossing  over,  and  landing  near  Fort  Erie.    To  excite 
the  good  people  of  the  State  of  New  York  to  the  im- 
portant enterprize,  he  published  his  famous  proclama- 
tion, dated  at  his  Camp,  Buffalo,  the  10th  November, 
ISia.     On  the  26th  December,  the  troops  under  his 
command,   were   prejmring   to   cross    the  Niagara ; 
a  part  of   which,  under  Col.    Winder,  were  order- 
ed to  attack  two  small  redoubts  of  the   enemy,  in 
which  they  succeeded,  spiking  the  guns,  and  destroy- 
ing their  works.     Having  accomplished  this,  they  re- 
ceived orders  from  tiie  General  to  return.     In  a  skir- 
mish with  the  v^nemy,  six  men  were  killed,  and  nine- 
teen wounded.     The  project  was  then  abandoned,  as 
the  force,  under  General  Smyth^  was  not  deemed  suf- 
ficient to  warrant  a  general  engagement. 

On  the  3Sd  January,  1813,  General  Winchester, 
with  about  one  thousand  men,  were  attacked  at 
French  town,  near  tlie  River  Rasin,  by  a  force  said 
to  consist  of  about  twelve  hundred  Indians,  with  one 
hundred  and  fifty  or  two  hundred  British  regulars. 
The  troops  being  surprised,  and  the  ground  unfa- 
vourable, they  had  but  liUle  opportunity  of  forming  to 
advantage,  and  were  soon  broken,  although  the  action 
was  warm  for  nerHy  tlirec  hours.  Many  of  the 
Americans  were  killed,  and  tliosc  that  did  not  eflfcct 
their  escape  were  taken. 

February  31,  1813,  Capt  Forsyth,  who  was  sta- 
tioncd  at  Ogdensburg  with  a  small  force,  was  attacked, 
by  a  »»trong  detachment  from  the  enemy,  and  obliged 
to  retreat,  having:  twenty  killed  and  wounded. 


I 


14< 


Oil  the  S/tli  April,  Little  York,  the  capital  of  Up- 
per Canada,  was  taken  by  the  American  forces,  iinder 
Major  General  Dearhoniy  witli  about  seventeen  hun- 
dred troops.  They  were  landed  under  a  heavy  fire 
from  the  enemy,  who  were  prepared  to  oppose  them. 
They  however  immediately  formed,  and  after  carry- 
ing one  battery,  were  moving  forward  in  columns, 
when  a  tremendous  explosion  took  place  from  a  mag- 
azine which  the  enemy  had  previously  prepared,  and 
which  proved  a  serious  injury  ;  the  loss  of  the  Amer- 
icans exceeded  one  hundred  men,  including  the  brave 
General  Pike,  wlio  commanded.  Col.  Pierce  suc- 
ceeded in  command,  and  soon  after  took  possession 
of  the  town.  General  Sheaff,  who  commanded  the 
British,  had  moved  oil'  with  the  regular  troops,  and 
left  directions  with  an  officer  of  militia,  to  make  the 
best  terms  he  could.  General  Dearborn,  on  hearing 
that  General  Pike  was  killed,  landed  and  assumed  the 
command.  The  American  loss  at  this  time,  was 
about  fifty  in  killed  and  wounded. 

On  the  5th  of  May,  General  Clcij,  who  was  at- 
tached to  the  army  under  the  command  of  General 
Harrison,  was  ordered,  with  a  detachment  of  eight 
hundred  men,  to  attack  the  enemy's  batteries  at  Fort 
Mei^s,  and  spike  their  cannon.  This  was  ac- 
complished, four  batteries  were  taken,  and  the  enemy 
driven  away.  But  confiding  too  much  in  their  suc- 
cess, they  suffered  themselves  to  be  drawn  into  the 
neighbouring  woods,  where  the  British  troops,  with  a 
great  body  of  Indians,  were  prejiared  to  attack  them ; 
and  a  severe  conflict  took  place  ; — Of  the  whole  num- 
ber engaged,  only  one  hundred  and  fifty  effected  their 


r\. 


escape.    \ni  ijie 


same  day  an  attack  Was  made 


uy  VTrn- 


•    It 


•Miller,  with  three  hundred  and  fifty  men,  on  the  en- 


i§ 


^my-s  batlei'ies  on  the  other  side  of  the  river,  in  which 
they  were  successful,  driving  them  from  their  works, 
and  taking  a  number  of  prisoners. 

On  the  3:th  May,?  portion  of  the  army  under 
Gen.  Dearborn,  commanded  by  Gen.  Lewis,  landed 
under   cover  of  Com.    Chauncifs  flotilla,  to   attack 
Foit  George,  wliere  they  were  opposed  with  great 
spirit :    the  intrepidity  of  the   Americans,  however, 
soon  compelled  the  enemy  to  give  ground,  and  they 
retreated  in  all  directions.      But  the  excessive  fa- 
tigue of  the  American  troops    prevented   a   further 
pursuit ;    they  returned  and  took  quiet  possession  of 
the  fort.     The  American  loss  was  17  killed,  and  45 
wounded  :    that  of  the   enemy   was   90   killed,  150 
wounded,  and  100  prisoners. 

On  the  29th  May,  a  British  detachment  of  800 
men,  under  Col.  Bnynes,  effected  a  landing  at  Bac- 
ket's Harbour.  The  American  forces  at  this  place 
were  but  «00,  and  commanded  by  Gen.  Broicn,  who 
attacked  the  enemy  witli  his  usual  firmness.  The 
conllict  was  warm  and  desperate,  and  continued  una- 
bated for  two  hours,  but  terminated  in  the  retreat  of 
the  enemy  to  their  fleet.  The  h>ss  on  both  sides  was 
very  severe  ;  that  of  the  Britisli  was  esilmated  at 
SOO.  The  Americans  lost  about  150,  including  Cols. 
Milh  and  Backus. 

June  6,  J813.  The  troops  commanded  by  Brig. 
Gen.  Chandler,  who  were  stationed  near  40  mile 
creek,  were  attacked  by  a  large  number  of  British 
and  Indians  under  the  eom'.naud  of  Brig.  Gen.  Vin- 
cent, and  although  the  American  loss  was  small,  and 
the  enemy  completely  routed,  and  driven  from  the 
i!_i.i    K„ii-  u..;„.    ii...^^.     /^/.«..////5«  ntwl     If  inilv.r  were 

made  prisoners;  with  SOO  men.     They  had  pi-occed- 


16 


\ 


'    u 


ed  to  ascertain  the  situation  of  a  company  of  artille- 
ry, when  the  attack  commenced,  and  were  surprised 
and  taken.  The  loss  of  the  enemy  in  this  action, 
was  estimated  at  90  in  killed  and  wounded  ;  Col. 
Clark  of  the  49tii  British  regiment,  with  60  men 
were  made  prisoners. 

On  the  2S(\  June,  Lieut.  Col.  Boerstler  with  five 
hundred  and  seventy  men  were  ordered  to  march 
from  Fort  George  to  a  place  called  Eeaver  Dams, 
about  eight  miles  from  Queenstown,  to  disperse  a  bo- 
dy of  the  enemy,  who  had  collected  there  for  the 
purpose  of  procuring  provisions.  When  within  a 
short  distance  of  the  enemy,  they  were  attacked  from 
an  ambuscade,  but  soon  drove  the  enemy  to  the 
woods  ;  then  retired  a  short  distance,  sending  an 
express  for  reinforcements,  with  an  intention  of  re- 
newing the  attack.  Col.  Chrystie  was  immediately 
dispatched  with  three  hundred  men  ;  but  on  his  ar- 
riving at  Queenstown,  he  received  authentick  infor- 
mation, that  Col.  Boerstler,  with  the  troops  under 
his  command,  had  surrendered,  after  two  hours 
fighting. 

On  the  25ih  June,  an  attack  was  made  by  the 
British  forces  on  Hampton  in  Virginia.  They  eifect- 
ed  a  landing,  but  were  met  by  t>ie  militia,  who  had 
collected  i\i  consivrable  (mm  ;  after  a  severe  conflict 
of  one  hour  and  a  half  the  militia  were  over-iome,  and 
the  British  held  possession. 

On  the  lUh  July,  about  two  hundred  and  fifty 
British  tr(»ops  commanded  by  Cols.  Bishop  and  War- 
rpu,  crossed  to  the  American  side,  and  landed  at 
Black  Rock.  They  had  marched  above  the  Navy 
Yard  before  they  were  discovered,  and  the  militia  at 
that  place  were  either  taken  or  dispersed.     The  Brit- 


^ 


17 

ish  had  now  quipi  possession,  and  proceeded  to  burn 
the  barracks,  and  spike  the  guns.  The  neighbouring 
militia,  and  a  number  of  friendly  Indians,  were,  how^ 
ever,  soon  collected,  and  attacked  them  ;  when  they 
precipitately  retreated  to  their  boats,  leaving  eight 
killed,  and  five  wounded.  The  American  loss,  was 
three  killed,  and  five  wounded. 

August  2d,  1813.  An  attack  was  made  by  the  Brit- 
ish and  Indians,  supposed  to  amount  to  about  eight  hun- 
dred men,  under  Major  Proctor,  on  the  fort  at  Lower 
Sandusky^  then  under  the  command  of  Major  Cro^han. 
The  action  was  severe,  but  terminated  in  the  defeat  of 
the  British,  who  lost  twenty  seven  killed,  and  about 
thirty  prisoners. 

September  I4th.  An  American  fort  on  the  Tom- 
bigbee  River  was  attacked  by  seven  hundfed  Creek 
Indians.  The  action  was  fierce  and  bloody :  Of 
about  three  hundred  persons  who  defended  the  fort, 
nearly  one  hundred  were  killed,  or  wounded.  The 
Indian  loss  was  estimated  at  two  hundred. 

On  the  SJ3d  September,  (xen.  Harrison  writes  that 
the  arn?y,  under  his  command,  had  landed,  and  taken 
possession  of  Maiden  without  opposition  ; — that  tlie 
British  forces,  under  Gen.  Froctor,  had  retreated  to 
Sandwich,  having  previously  burnt  the  fort,  navy 
yard,  barracks  and  publick  store  houses. 

On  the  28th,  the  same  army  took  possession  of  De- 
troit, which  had  also  been  evacuated,  and  the  public 
property  destroyed.  A  few  days  after.  Gen.  ffarri- 
aon^a  army  arrived  at  Sandwich,  and  finding  that  the 
«nemy  had  proceeded  on,  and  taken  post  at  Daltons, 
fifty  six  miles  from  Detroit,  arrangements  were  made 
to  follow.  On  the  5th  October  the  enemy  were  dis- 
covered,  and  the  battle  commenced.  The  firmness 
3 


18 


i 


and  impetuosity  of  the  Americans,  soon  decided  tliat 
victory  was  theirs.  The  enemy  fled  in  confusion,  and 
were  closely  pursued.  Gen.  Proctor  with  a  few  dra- 
goons effected  their  escape :  six  hundred  and  one, 
British  regulars,  including  twenty  five  officers,  were 
taken,  wiihi  twelve  killed,  and  twenty  two  wounded. 
The  Americans  lost  seven  killed,  and  twenty  two 
wounded. 

On  the  7th  Noveii.bcr,  1813,  Gen.  Jackson  hav- 
ing received  information,  that  a  large  body  of  Indians, 
were  in  the  vicinity  of  the  Coose  Iliver,  immediately 
marched  with  two  thousand  men  to  attack  them,  when 
the  Indians  were  totally  defeated,  leaving  two  hun- 
dred and  seventy  eight  in  killed  aud  wounded.  The 
loss  of  the  Americans  was  iifteen  killed,  and  eighty 
four  wounded. 

In  the  beginning  of  November,  1818,  Gen.  Wil- 
kinson  received  instruction  from  his  government  to 
proceed  against  Montreal.  In  his  passage  down  the 
St.  Lawrence  he  was  frequently  annoyed  by  a  detach- 
ment of  the  enemy  from  Kingston,  who  hung  on  his 
rear,  and  partial  engagements  with  the  guards  often 
occurred.  On  the  11  th  November,  Brig.  Gen.  Boyd, 
commanding  the  rear  division  of  the  army,  had  orders 
to  attack  the  eiu  my,  and,  if  possible,  to  take  his  artil- 
lery. The  action  soon  after  commenced,  and  con- 
tinued two  hours  and  a  half,  when  the  enemy  were 
forced  back  ;  but  altliougli  they  were  unable  to  regain 
their  ground,  their  stand  was  permanent,  and  their 
charge  resolute.  At  length  the  liring  having  ceased 
on  both  sides,  the  American  troops  resumed  their  po- 
sition on  the  bank  of  the  river,  and  proceeded  down 
without  further  annoyance.  The  force  of  the  con- 
tending parties  weic  nearly  equal.     The  Americania 


i» 


two 


lost  in  this  engagement  one  hundred  and  two  killed, 
including  Brig.  Gen.  Covington,  with  two  hundred 
and  thirty  seven  wounded.  The  enemy's  loss  was  not 
ascertained.  On  the  arrival  of  the  army  at  Barnharts, 
near  Cornwall,  they  were  met  by  Brig.  Gen.  Broiim, 
with  the  troops  under  his  command,  wliere  he  had 
been  instructed  to  take  post. 

Here  Gen.  Wilkinson  was  much  disappointed  at 
not  fiiuling  that  Major  Gen.  Hampton  had  arrived  on 
the  opposite  shore,  pursuant  to  orders  previously 
sent  him.  In  consequence  of  this,  with  other  difficul- 
ties, a  council  was  held,  who  unanimously  gave  it  as 
their  opinion,  that  tiie  attack  on  Montreal,  should  be 
abandoned  for  the  present  season  ;  and  that  the  army 
be  brought  into  winter  quarters.  Thus  has  ter- 
minated another  unsuccessful  invasion  of  Canada,  and 
is  the  foui'th  attempt  to  conquer  that  country,  since 
the  war  commenced. 

On  the  l^th  Nov.  Gen.  Wliitef  with  eight  hun- 
dred militia  and  three  hundred  Indians,  proceeded 
from  Fort  Armstrong  on  the  Coose  to  attack  the  HiU 
labee  towns  on  Tallepoosa  River.  On  the  18th 
they  w^ere  discovered  in  considerable  force,  when  he 
succeeded  in  surrounding  them  undiscovered,  and 
fired  upon  them  ;  sixty  live  were  killed,  and  two  hun- 
dred and  fifty  one  made  prisoners,  with  whom  he  re. 
turned  to  the  fort  without  losing  a  man. 

On  the  39th  Nov.  Brig.  Gen.  Floyd,  with  nine 
hundred  and  fifty  Georgia  militia  and  three  or  four 
Imndred  friendly  Indians  marched  to  attack  the  In- 
dian town  of  Autossc,  on  the  banks  of  the  Tallepoosa, 
inhabited  by  the  Creeks.  In  this  he  was  successful, 
having  killed  and  wounded  nearly  four  hundred,  and 
barn*  Mie  town.  The  American  loss  was  eleven 
killeU;  aud  fifty  four  wounded. 


On  the  lOtli  Dec.  Gen.  jWClnre  removed  the  pub- 
lick  stoics,  &c.  from  Fort  (icori^c,  and  destroyed  it, 
and  crossed  over  to  the  United  States.  The  village 
of  Newark  was  destroyed.  It  was  said  the  British 
were  in  considerable  force  in  the  neijjrhbourhood  of 
Newark,  and  an  attack  on  the  American  troops  was 
apprehended. 

Dec.  19,  1818.  General  Drwnmond,  with  tw^elve 
hundred  British  and  Indians  crossed  the  Niagara, 
and  succeeded  in  taking  possession  of  the  fort.  The 
village  of  Buffalo  was  also  burnt,  in  retaliation  for 
the  destruction  of  Newark ;  and  when  the  Indians 
were  expostulated  with,  they  reidied,  "  Remember 
Tippacaiioe  and  the  Creek  towns.  Some  of  them 
were  of  the  tribe  whose  wigwams  were  so  unnecessa- 
rily destroyed  by  Gov.  Harrison^s  army,  before  the 
war  with  England  was  declared.  They  said,  "  We 
have  not  yet  forgotten  HuWa  proclamation,^^ 

On  the  27th  Jan.  181 1,  General  Floyd,  at  Camp 
Defiance,  was  attacked  by  a  large  body  of  hostile 
Indians.  But  succeeded  in  repelling  tliem  after  a 
severe  coniiict,  in  which  he  lost  eighteen  killed  and 
one  hundred  and  thirty  two  wounded.  The  Indian^j 
left  thirty  seven  killed,  but  took  off  nearly  all  his 
wounded. 

•  On  the  4th  Mardi  Capt.  Holmes  with  one  bun- 
dred  and  sixty  American  troops  in  an  engagement 
with  a  party  of  British  and  Indians,  at  the  French 
River,  one  hundred  miles  from  Detroit,  succeeded  in 
defeating  them.  His  loss  was  four  killedj  and  four 
wounded  :  the  enemy  lost  In  killed,  wounded,  and 
prisoners  eighty. 

On   the   27th   iNIarch,   Gen.   Jackson,   wi'h   the 
troops  under  his  command.,  proceeded  to  ati^       the 


31 


fnclian  tribes  on  the  Talleponsa,  and  after  a  severe 
engagement  with  one  thousand,  he  succeeded  in  de- 
stroying their  works,  having  killed  five  hunslred  and 
iifty  seven,  wounding  many,  and  taken  two  hundred 
and  fifty  prisoners  :  his  loss  at  this  time  was  twenty 
six  killed,  and  one  hundred  and  six  wounded. 

On  the  31st  March,  Gen.  Wilkinaon,  with  a  body 
of  American  troops,  priiceeded  as  far  as  the  river  La- 
cole,  where,  after  an  obstinate  resistance,  they  drove 
the  enemy's  pickets  into  a  stone  mill,  which  was 
strongly  fortified,  but  which  they  attacked,  and  after 
a  warm  action  retired.  The  enemy  lost  eleven  killed, 
and  forty  seven  wounded  :  the  loss  of  tiie  Americf«ns 
was  thirteen  killed,  and  one  hundred  and  twenty 
three  wounded. 

On  the  8th  xlpril,  a  detachment  from  the  block- 
ading squadron  off  New  London,  consisting  of  one 
hundred  and  fifty  men,  proceeded  up  Connecticut  river 
to  Pettipague,  in  Seabrook,  where  they  landed  and 
burnt  twenty  five  sail  of  vessels  ;  threatening,  that  if 
opposition  was  made,  they  would  destroy  the  town. 
They  were  unmolested,  and  returned  without  loss. 
An  attack  was  also  made,  sometime  after,  on  Ston- 
ington,  by  a  sloop  of  war,  and  several  barges,  which 
were  driven  off  by  a  fev^  men  collected  on  the  shore, 
with  one  piece  of  artillery  :  it  is  said,  great  destruc- 
tion was  made  by  the  shot. 

On  th<3  6th  May,  An  attack  was  made  by  the  Brit- 
ish under  Gen.  Drummond^  on  Fort  Oswego,  which 
terminated  in  the  defeat  of  the  Americans,  who  lost 
six  killed,  and  had  thirty  eight  wounded.  The  ob- 
ject of  this  expedition  being  accomplished,  in  the  de- 
struction of  the  fort,  barracks,  and  nublick  stores,  the 
British  embarked,  and  returned  to  their  squadron  un- 
der 8ir  James  Yeo. 


On  the  8(1  ol'  July  tl«c  troops,  csli mated  at  three 
tliousaiid,  (-rossiul  tlic  Niagara,  under  Gen.  Brown, 
Gen.  Scott  conimandinj;  the  iirst  brigade,  as  the  ad- 
vance. Gen.  lily  ley  the  second,  Gen.  P.  B.  Forter 
(he  militia,  and  Farmers  Brother  the  Indians.     Fort 
Eric  surrendered  in  the  al'teriumn.     The  garrison  was 
commanded  by  a  Major,  consisting  of  one  hundred 
and  ilfty   men.     On  the  4th  the   army  marclu^d   to 
Cl/!{'.|)evva,  (Irhing  in  the  enemy's  advance  ; — On  tike 
3th  Gen.  Iliiill  came  out  upon  Cliippewa  plain,  with 
two  thousand  two  hundred  regulars,  while  tiie  militia 
and    Indians   on  both  sides   were  engaged    in    the 
woods,— Gen.  Scott  was  ordered  to  engage  them  vrith 
his   hri;;idc,   consisting  of  tlie   ninth,   under  Major 
Lfftvpnicorth  ;  the  elevenih,  under  Major  Mc  A'cal  ; 
and  tiie  twenly  fir'h,  under  Major  Jesaup  ; — all  New 
Eiie;1ind  regiments  ;    with  a  company  of  artillery, 
under  Capt.  Towson,  making  about  thirteen  hundred 
strong.  Ar.er  an  honrV  hind  lighting  the  enemy  broke, 
and  run  in  all  directions  ;  io'iued  and  broke  a  second 
time,  and  filially  saved   themselves  by  gaining  their 
works  at  Thippewa,  their  loss  about  five  hundred  and 
fourteen  ;  the  loss  of  the  Americans,  about  three  hun- 
dred  and  twenty  nine,  in  killed,  wounded  and  prison- 
ers.    On  the  7th  the  ener.y^^  -  nc-mted  Chippewa,  and 
retreated  to  Fort  Gcorg'  ,      TUv  next  d;'.j  our  army 
arrived  at  Queenstown,  and  about  the  19th  at  Fort 
George : — returned  to  Queenstown  on  the  Slst,  and 
recrossed  the  Chippewa  creek  on  the  2ith. 

On  the  11th  July,  1814,  Eastport  was  taken  by 
the  British  squadron  under  Sir  Thomas  Hardy. 

On  the  35th,  Gen.  Sco^f  advanced  with  his  brig- 
«*io  hoKvppn  picriif  nnd  niiifi  hundred,  about  a  mile  on 
the  Queenstown  road,  where  he  found  the  enemy, 


36 


and  en{;a2;ed  them  about  sunset.  Gen.  Ripley  "with 
the  second  brigade  was  ordered  to  support  him,  an  I 
soon  after  dark  tlie  militia  volunteers.  Tiie  enemy 
received  large  reinforcements  under  Gen.  Drummoni 
during  the  action,  and  through  the  night,  and  were  es- 
timated at  four  thousand ;  our  force,  of  every  kind, 
about  two  thousand  five  bundled.  The  action  hisUd 
till  eleven  o'clock ;  when  both  armies  quitted  t!ie  tu  Id. 
They  had  ten  pieces  of  artillery,  whicli  were  taken 
by  Col.  Miller,  with  the  twenty  first  regiment,  at  tjse 
pohit  of  the  bayonet ;  all  but  one  were  left  on  the  iiv  Id  ; 
the  loss  was  about  nine  hundred  on  each  side  ;  their 
commander.  Gen.  Miall,  and  about  twenty  officers  were 
taken,  and  they  took  one  or  two  officers  and  forty 
men.  Gen.  Broicn  and  Gen,  Scott  were  wounded ; 
one  of  Gen.  Brown^s  aids  mortally,  and  both  Gen. 
Scott^s  severely.  The  next  day  our  army,  under 
Gen.  Ripley,  returned  to  Fort  Erie. 

August  1st,  the  enemy  appeared  before  Erie,  and 
on  the  fifth,  sent  fifteen  hundred  men  across,  to  take 
Buffalo,  and  cut  off  our  supplies.  The  brave  Major 
Morgan  met  them,  with  three  hundred  riflemen, 
repulsed  them,  and  forced  them  to  recross  the 
Niagara. 

August  13th,  Gen  Drummond  ordered  an  assault 
upon  the  fort  in  three  columns,  consisting  of  the  pick- 
ed men  of  his  army,  to  the  amount  of  three  thousand, 
one  column  commanded  by  Col.  Scott,  one  by  Col. 
I)rummo\id,  and  one  by  Col.  Fisher.  TJie  American 
force  consisted  of  but  fifteen  hundred,  under  Gen. 
Gaineft,  who  took  command  about  the  first  of  August. 
The  enemy  were  repulsed  with  great  loss ;  between 
fourteen  and  fifteen  hundred  killed,  wounded  and 
prisoners  ;  Col.  Drimmnnd  was  killed,  and  Col  Scott 


I"*  *• 


»4! 

mortally  wounded;  our  loss  wa^  sixty  killed  and 
wounded.  On  the  S7tli  (:«en.  Gaines  was  badly 
wounded  by  a  shell,  and  Gen.  Brown,  having  recov- 
ered from   his  wound,  look  the  comusand. 

On  the  34th  August,  a  British  force,  said  to  amount 
to  five  or  six  thousand  men  arrived  at  Bladensburgh, 
on  their  way  to  the  city  of  Washington.     They  were 
met  by  a  comparatively  small  number  of  Americans, 
under  Brig.  Gen.  Winder,  v  ho  kept  up  a  sharp  fire 
for  three  quarters  of  an  hour,  in  which  the  enemy  suf- 
fered materially  ;  but  the  immense  disparity  of  force 
rendered  it  necessary  to  retire,  having  lost  thirty  or 
forty  in  killed,  and   about  sixty  wounded,  with  one 
hundred  and  iwenty  prisoners.     A  detachment  from 
the  enemy  under  Gen.  Ross,  then  advanced  to  the  city 
of  Washington.     Here  they  proceeded  to  burn  the 
publiek  T.aildings,  and  met  with  no  opposition.     The 
Capitol,  the  President's  house.  Treasury  and  State 
Offices,    the    Navy-yard,    Barracks,  frigate   Essex 
and  Argus  sloop  of  war,  tlie    Arsenal,  a  number  oi" 
rope-walks  and  dwelling  Immiscs  were  destroyed. 

On  the  201  h  August,  Alexandria,  in  consequence 
of  the  citizens  having  been  ordered  awav,  for  the  de- 
fence  of  other  places,  capitulated  to  a  Lritish  force, 
which  lay  belore  the  city,  and  were  able  to  compel 
the  inhabitants,  to  submit  to  whatever  was  required  of 

them. 

September  llth,  the  British  array  under  Rir 
Geovi^c  PrcA'oHt  made  an  attack  on  the  Amerieaa 
forces  at  Plattsburgh.  conimande«l  by  Gen  Macomb, 
but  retreated  wilh  the  loss  of  one  hundred  and  seven- 
4«  :«  Kiii.wi  ,.pii  vviMiiiili'd.  The  los!s  of  the  Ameri- 
cans,  sixteen  killed,  and  tl/irly  one  wounded. 


Sd 


September  ISth,  the  British  landed  seven  or  eigUt 
thousand   troops  under  Gen.  Ross,  about  fourteen 
miles  below  Baltimore,  but  were  met  by  Gen.  Strieker 
with  the  militia,  amounting  to  three  thousand  one  hun- 
dred  and  eighty  five,  who  maintained  an  unequal  con- 
test for  one  hour  and  a  half,  but  were  at  length  com- 
pelled to  retreat.     The  British  advanced  to  within 
five  or  six  miles  of  the  city,  whei-e  they  halted.     Gen. 
Jtoss  attempting  to  reconnoitre  the  situation  of  the  force 
which  he  had^reason  to  think  was  preparing  to  attack 
him,  ventured  too  far  for  his  personal  safety  ;  he  was 
mortally  wounded,  by  a  lad,  who  had  concealed  him- 
self until  he  had  a  fair  opportunity  to  take  his  object 
with  a  rifle.     Gen.  Ross  soon  aft^-r  died  of  his  wound. 
His  body  was  preserved,  and  sent  home  to  his  friends. 
Gen.  Strieker  had  retired  to  his  rear  guard,  which 
consisted  of  one  regiment ;  he  was  there  reinforced 
by  a  detachment  under  Gen.    Winder,^hyf  militia, 
and  volunteers  of  the  neighbourhood  ;  and  taking  a 
stand  within  sight  of  the  enemy,  he  was  prepared  for 
another  engagement.     He  was  not  however  disturbed. 
The  British,   after  viewing    him    until    the   l-ith, 
thought  it  most  prudent  to  retire  to  their  shipping, 
which  was  done  under  cover  of  the  night.     Gen. 
Stricker^s  loss  was  one  hundred  and  fifty  killed  and 
wounded.     An  attack  was  also  made  at  the  same  time 
on  Fort  Mc  Henry,  commanded  by  Major  Armstead, 
who  defended  the  garrison  with  spirit,  and  succeeded 
in  repelling  the  enemy  ;  the  loss  in  the  fort  was  twen- 
geven  killed  and  wounded. 

September  15th,  an  attack  was  made  by  the  Brit- 
ish naval  and  land  forces,  on  Fort  Bowycr,  on  the 
MoDiie,  wnicu  was  aeienucu  uj  whc  s::i:j-,iic-.i  »s".j  «x- 
ty  eight  men,  under  the  coinmaad  of  Major  Laterencef 
1i 


so 


H 


who  succeeded  in  defeating  them,  and  destroying  one 
of  their  ships. 

On  the  17th  September,  Gen.  Brown  ordered  a  sor- 
tie from  Fort  Erie^  with  about  two  thousand  five  hun- 
dred men,  under  the  command  of  Gens.  Ripleyf  and 
Porter,  and  Col.  Miller.  All  the  enemy's  batteriee 
w  ere  taken,  with  about  four  hundred  men,  their  can- 
non destroyed,  and  three  hundred  killed  and  wound- 
ed ;  our  loss  about  four  hundred  killed,  taken  and 
wounded  ;  among  the  latter  was  Gen.  liipleih  se  cre- 
ly  in  the  neck.  The  next  day  the  enemy  precipitate- 
ly  retreated  to  Chippewa,  after  a  siei^c  of  forty  one 
days.  l)«iring  the  siege  there  were  daily  skirmishes 
with  tlie  enemy,  in  which  many  officers  and  men  were 
lost  on  both  sides  ;  and  among  them  the  brave  Major 
Morgan^  who  repulsed   the   enemy   on  the  5th   of 

August. 

On  the  10th  October,  an  attack  was  made  by  Gen. 
Bissellf  with  nine  hundred  American  troops,  on  Ly- 
on's Mills,  occupied  by  a  British  force,  estimated  at 
one  thousand  two  hundred,  in  which  he  succeeded, 
after  a  short  action,  and  destroyed  the  provisions 
which  had  been  deposited  there  ;  the  Americans  lost 
sixty  seven  in  killed  and  wounded. 

On  the  18th  October,  G/n.  Biasellf  with  a  brigade 
of  Gen.  Izard's  army,  w  as  dispatched  to  an  outpost 
occupied  by  tlic  enemy,  near  the  village  of  Chippe- 
wa. In  this  he  succeeded  ;  the  enemy  were  brought 
to  action,  and  defeated  with  the  loss  of  two  hundred 
killed  and  wounded  ;  the  Americans  lost  fourteen 
killed  and  fifty  four  w  ounded. 

On  the  nth  January,  iHi;^,  the  IJritisii  landed  with 
one  thousand  men,  at  Cumberbmi  Island,  Georgia, 
in  view  of  the  garrison  at  Point  Pctre,  w  hich  on  the 
IJth  they  attacked  and  carried.    The  Americans  ic- 


'm 


treated,  and  tlicir  loss  was  but  one  killed,  and  three 
wounded,  with  a  few  missing. 

On  the  23d  December,  1814,  the  British  having 
by  the  capture  of  the  American  gun-boats,  at  the  en- 
trance of  Lake  Pontchar train,  obtained  a  passage  to 
the  Missisippi,  effected  a  landing  at  a  plantation 
eight  miles  bek)w  New  Orleans,  with  about  tliree 
thousand  troops  under  Gen.  ICeane  ;  they  were  at- 
tacked the  same  night  by  a  far  inferior  force,  consist- 
ing of  regulars  and  militia,  under  Gen.  Jackson  :  tlie 
action  was  obstinate,  and  tlie  lire  very  destructive  for 
two  hours.  At  length  the  enemy  ceased,  and  retired 
a  short  distance.  The  slaugliter  had  been  great ;  the 
ground  was  literally  covered  v*ith  the  dead  and  dy- 
ing. The  Americans  lost  in  this  action,  about  one 
hundred. 

On  the  27th  December  the  enemy  succeeded  in 
blowing  up  the  United  States'  schooner  Caroline. 
Emboldened  by  this  event,  their  whole  force  a^lvanced 
to  within  half  a  mile  of  the  American  lines,  and  a 
sharp  fire  commenced  ;  he  was  however  repulsed,  with 
the  loss  of  one  hundred  and  twenty  in  killed  ;  the 
American  loss  was  but  six  killed,  and  twelve  wounded, 
TliL  enemy  continued  in  sight,  and  daily  skirmishes 
took  place,  with  losses  on  both  sides,  until  the  morning 
of  the  memorable  8th  of  January,  1815,  when  the  ene- 
my having  been  actively  employed  tho  two  preceding 
days  in  making  preparation  for  a  storm,  advanced  in 
two  strong  columns,  on  the  right  and  left  of  the  Amer- 
ican lines,  where  they  were  received  with  a  firmness, 
which  they  little  expected,  and  which  defeated  all 
their  hopes.  The  fire  was  so  deliberate  and  certain, 
as  to  render  their  attempts  to  gain  the  works  perfect- 
ly useless.  The  action  continued  with  unabated  fury 
fur  upwards  of  one  hour  ;  when  all  prospect  of  sue 


I 


28 


eess  became  hopeless  ;  the  enemy  fled  from  the  field, 
leaving  their  dead  and  wounded.  Their  loss  was  im- 
mense ;  seven  hundred  killed,  fourteen  hundred 
wounded,  five-  hundred  officers  and  privates  were 
taken  prisoners  :  making  a  total  of  twenty  six  hundred 
men.  Sir  Edward  Packenham,  their  eomiBander,  was 
killed,  and  Major  Gens.  Eeane  and  G'lhhs  severely 
wounded,  the  latter  since  dead. 

At  the  same  time  that  the  British  attacked  the 
front  line,  they  sent  over  a  detachment  of  six  hundred 
men,  to  attack  two  hatteries  on  the  left,  in  which  they 
succeeded  ;  but  finding  the  guns  spiked,  and  that  the 
possessors  had  made  g(»od  their  retreat,  recrossed  to 
their  main  body,  when  the  Americans  again  took  pos- 
session. 

On  thr-  18th  January,  the  enemy  being  inces- 
santly  harrassed  by  the  artillery  from  both  banks  of 
the  river,  precipitately  retreated,  leaving  eighty  of 
their  wounded,  and  fourteen  pieces  of  artillery.  On 
the  morning  of  the  same  day,  the  enemy  returned 
from  Fort  Philip,  after  bombarding  it  for  nine  days, 
with  no  other  effect  than  killing  one  man,  and  wound- 
ing a  few. 

Thus  has  the  enemy,  within  tht^  short  space  of  six- 
teen days,  suffered  a  loss  of  four  thousand  men  (hav- 
ing reinforced  their  number  from  the  shipping)  in  kill- 
ed, wounded  audi  issing ;  including  the  flower  of 
their  army,  and  nearly  the  whole  of  their  principal  of- 
ficers. The  loss  of  the  Americans  has  been  indeed 
comparatively  small ;  the  return  of  the  Adjutant  Gen- 
eral, daled  at  New  Orleans,  January  lO,  ISl.'i,  gives 
in  the  total  amount  of  killed,  wounded  and  missing, 
three  hundred  and  thirty  three. 

Th«  total  defeat  of  the  British  forces  sent  out  to 
conquer  Louisiana,  was  by  far  the  most  important 


S9 

event  during  the  war.  Had  the  British  forces  suc- 
ceeded, a3  they  had  great  reason  to  expect,  and  as 
the  American  government  and  people  had  gi'eat  rea- 
son to  fear,  the  consequences  would  have  been  serious 
to  the  citizens  of  the  United  States  on  the  Missisippi^ 
and  in  all  the  western  settlements.  As  this  event,  so 
important  and  so  interesting,  took  place  at  the  close  of 
the  war,  the  compendious  history  of  battles,  and  of 
less  important  actions  on  land,  which  we  promised  to 
give,  is  now  finished.  The  "  treaty  of  peace  and  am- 
"  ity,  between  tlie  United  States,  and  his  Britannick 
*'  Majesty  was  signed  by  tiie  commissioners  of  both 
"  parties  at  Ghent,  on  the  2'^ih  December,  1814.'^ 
And^tis  ratified  by  the  President  of  the  United  States^ 
at  Washington,  February  18th,  1815. 


The  folloicing  is  a  list  of  all  the  puhlick  vessels  of 
wai'f  helon;^ing  to  each  natiorif  which  have  betui 
captured  or  destroyed.* 

Lilt  of  BRITISH  VESSELS  of  WAR,  taken  during  the  War. 

Guerrierc,  U  Dacrcs,  49  gunn,  taken  August  20,  1812,  by  the  Constitution,^ 
IsaRc  Hull,  54  g;un8.  Giicrricre,  15  killed,  and  64  wounded  i 
Conslitulion,  7  killed  and  7  wounded. 

Mactdonian,  J-  S.  Canlen,  49  (Cun8,  taken  October  S3,  1813,  by  the  frigate 
United  States,  8.  Decatur,  53  guns.  Macedonian,  3ti  killed,  and 
68  wounded,  tlnited  States,  5  killed,  and  7  wounded. 

Java,  H.  Lambert.  49  guns,  taken  December  29,  1812,  by  the  Constitution, 
W.  Bitinbridge,  Si  guns,  .lava,  60  killed,  170  wounded  ;  Con- 
stitution, 9  killed,  an4  25  wounded. 

Alert,  Lungherne,  26  guns,  taken  August  13,  1812,  by  Uie  Essex,  D.  Porter, 
44  guns.     Alert,  .3  killed. 

•  It  may  be  proper  to  state,  that  the  whole  of  this  account  of  the  Ameri- 
can and  liritisli  vessels  of  War,  which  have  been  taken  or  destroyed,  in  the 
several  balltcs  between  the  tws  lute  contending  por.ern— except  the  account 
of  the  Vyanc  and  Iievant,  ^Htely  taken  by  the  Constitution— was  prepared, 
and  Bent  to  the  compiler  of  (bis  little  work,  by  a  much  respeotcd  fk<iend,  and 
was  immediately  put  into  the  bands  of  the  printer,  as  a  part  of  a  then  intend- 
ed Appendix  to  u  Discourse,  delivered  on  the  13th  of  April,  the  day  of  publick 
thsiiK-gt-ttig  '}Ti  att'Oant  ri  the  pcaCr.  h  iiaii'tsr  actOufst  of  Vcsse'a  Oi  WStj 
taki'ti  or  dfMrovcd,  by  the  two  lute  contending  powers,  "drawn,"  no  doubt, 
"  from  the"  same,  "  ntost  authcntiok  sources,  appears  this  moruinc  in  the 
Dailif  Advertiter,  as  n  counterpart  to  •'  rtip  documents  prrtenteu  to  Ihr 
Briti.ili  Parliament,  in  iVhr'iarv  Uri  " 

Mbt  15,  lll.V 


3U 


ii  ■' 


Peacock    Peak^,  18  guns,  taken  February  24,  1813,  by  the  Hornet,  J.  Law- 
Peacock,  Pea|^^ .^^^  S  ^^>^^    Peacock.  5  killed,  13  drowned,  and  33  wounded  ; 

H.-rnet,  1  killed,  3  drowned,  and  4  wounded. 
Frolic,  Whiuyates,  <Zi  ««ns.  taken  October  18,  .81.%  by  t  'O  A   asp.  Jones,  18 

guns.  Frolic,  30  killed,  50  wounded  ;  Wasp,  a  killed,  5  wouuiuu. 
Boxer  BlvtUe.  10  ku"«,  taken  Si  p.eml.er  5,  181.S,  by  the  Lnlerpnzt,  Huf- 
""""^'^     rows.  16  guns.     Boxer,  20  killed,   14   wounded;  Lnterpri.e    1 

killed.  14  wounded  _  ,     _,,      •     » 

Epervier.  Wales,  k  s«ns,  t.kc.  April  2%  1814.  by  the  P-^I^-^^J 
^  Q2  guns.     Kpervier,  1 1  kilUd,  15  wounded  ;  1  ^'ato^k,  -  ~  ^/-"- 

HjBvo-,  IIutTE™' 5  B«n.,  tuken  Sq.lcnber  M,  1813,  by  the  r.e.ident, 

Rogers,  C>i  guns. 

Pictou,  taken  by  the  Constitution.  Stcwnrt,  54  jjuns. 

Balahou,  King,  taken  by  the  l'erry,(priva»cer.;  p,....  pnu-vrr    Mobile. 

Hermes   Percv,  '22  guns,  des!ro>ed  Sept.  15.  1814,  at  Fort  Bo\iyci ,  niomic. 

Ee"t  DouglUs.  '^1  g:.ns,  taken  l''cirua..v;A  1H15.  >y  the  Const.tut.on, 
Stewart.  .'•4  guns.     Levant,  9  killed,  1/  wounded.  .        _, 

Cvane,  Falcon  35  pms,  taken  February'  '20.  1815,  by  the  Const.tnt.o«,  Stew- 
'  a-t.  .Uguns.     Cyane,  7  killed, and  1<   wounded.  .       .  r,. 

(Note The  ConsUtution,  in  the  capture  of  the  Levant  and  Cj- 
ane.  had  4  killed,  9  wounded.)  .„,ci     .k  ,  ri>a«Piir 

St.  Lawrence.  Gordon,  15  guns,  taken  February  '26,  }  ,  ^^'>'J]''^^•Sed  ! 
(privateer)  Boyle.  St  Lawrence,  15  killed,  ^J  wounueu , 
Chasseur,  5  killed,  7   wounded.  p„p„n.;t 

.etroU,BarcJav,19guns     ;^.^^^^^^^^ 

1  awr  nee.  P'.rry,  '20  guns-Nmgara.  Elliot,  20.R"n«,(  «ledonia 
Turner.  3  gunslAriel  Fa.kel,  4  gnns-boorp.on,  t^h'm.phn,  2 
guns-Somers.  Ahny,  2  guns-T.gress.  ^«"'^''"^  ,g^"rf°>^"; 
pine.  Senatt,  1  gun-'lrippe.  Holdup,  1  gun.  fh^  Ame.Ka« 
squadron  ha.l  27  killed,  06  wounded  ;  on  board  the  Lawrence 
only,  there  were  22  killed,  61  wounded.  

Couftanee,  Downie,  3P  guns-Linnet,  Pnig.  I'^.S-'^^-.^rLmidlh^   Hcm  te^. 

Kinch 1 1  guns— captured  on  Lake  Champiani,. -It.  i'i«-" 

Jer    1.  1814.  bv  the  8.,uadron   under  the  command  "f  t^""''"^' 
ore  Macdoi'ioug.,  viz.*  the  Saratoga,   ^ucdnnouph.^fi^ guns- 
Eagle,  Henley,  20  guus-'ruonderoga,  Cassin. '     K'  ^"^  '    ;^- 
—I—  7  guns-ten    gun-boats,  mounting    16  K^^-J^^.y^.'i 
ish  had  H4  killed,  110  woun.led  ;  the  Americans   hud   5i  killtd, 

oil  Lake  Ontario, 
List  of  AMERICAN  VESSELS  r/WAH,  taken  ilurinrr  ih^  late  fVar. 

1812,  bv  Admiral  Sawyer'i  9quadi-«in. 

-  1812.  bv  the  Southampton ,Yco,  32  guns. 

r.v  the  Narcissus,  Lumhy,  3B  gnnj. 

Vvasp.' Jones,  18  gu,;;.  taken  October  18,  1812,  by  the  Poicticr..  Ueiresiorn, 


Nautilus,  Crane,  I*  guns,  t.ikrn 
Vixen,  Heed,  14  guns,  taken — 


ijTpr, 


Chesapeake 


74  guns. 
Lawrence,  47 


guns 


52  ijuns      Cliecapeakc,    48    killed 
killed,  ftS  wounded. 


;,  taken  June  1, 1813.  by  the  Shani.on,  Broke, 
"   wounded  ;  Shannon,  20 


31 


Argus,  Allen,  16  guns,  taken  August  U,  1813,  by  the  Pelican,  Maples,  GO  guns. 

Vixen,  Hall,  — gnus,  taken  December  "25,  181S,bv  the  Helvidere 3G  puns. 

Frolic,  J.  BainbritJrje,  22  guns,  taken  April  26,  1814,  by  the  Orpheus,  I'igot, 

46  gnus. 
Asp,  Sigourney,  3  guns,  taken  July  l4, 1813,  by  a  detachment  of  boats  at  — — 
Rattlesnake,  Renshaw,  14  guns,  taken  July  11,  1814,  by  tiie  Leander,  Collier, 

58  guns. 
Essex,  Porter,  44  guns,  taken  March  28,   1814,  by  the  Phoebe,  Hillyar,  4C 

guns,  and  Cherub,  Tucker,  2S  guns.  Essex,  58  killed,  65  wounded. 
Adams,  Morris,  20  guns,  destroyed  by    her  Officers  at   Hampden,  Maine,  in 

consequence  of  a  superior  fo'ce  advancing  to  attack  her. 
Caroline,  Henley,  14  guns,  blowed  up  at  New  Orleans. 
Svren,  Nicholson,  IG  guns,  taken  by  the  Med  way,  74. 

President,  Decatur,  54  guns,  taken  January  15,  1815,  by  a  squadron  of  4  frigr 

ates.     President,  20  killed,  60  wounded. 

(Note      No  official  account  has  been   received  of  the  killed  and 

wounded  on  board  the  Pelican,  Phoebe,  Cherub,  or  the  squadron 

vhich  captured  the  President. 

taken  June  2.J,  1813,  by  a  detachment  on  Lake  Champiain. 


taken  on  Lake  Ontario, 
taken  on  Lake  Huron. 


Eagle 

Growler 

Julia 

Growler 

Scorpion-\ 

Tigress     1 

N.  B.     Frigate  Essex,  and  sloop  of  war   Argus,   were  destroyed   by  th« 
enemy  at  Washington. 

In  fifteen  actions  on  the  Ocean,  between  British  and  American  vessels  of 
Mar,  the  Americans  conquered  in  eleven  battles  fought  by  .single  ships— the 
British  only  conquered  in  four  battles;  two  of  which  were  fought  by  single 
ships,  the  other  two  were  in  one  instance  two  to  one,  and  the  other,  four  to 
one  against  the  United  States  vessels  captured. 


CONCLUDING  RExMARKS. 


From  the  abovn  account  of  battles  between  piiblick 
vessels  of  war,  belonging  to  the  United  States,  and 
publlck  vessels  of  war,  belonging  to  Great  Britain,  it 
appears,  that  the  whole  number  of  l>attles  on  th?  ocean 
was  fifteen,  in  eleven  of  which  success  was  on  the  side 
of  the  United  States  and,  except  in  a  few  unfortunate 
attempts  to  conquer  Upper  Canada,  the  American 
arms  were  not  less  successful  on  the  land.  In  the 
most  important  battles,  victory  on  the  side  of  the  Uni- 
ted States,  was  not  only  unquestionable,  but  splendid. 
But  while  our  partialities  for  the  nation  to  which 


r>f 


.1 »« 4I    ^  ii  A 

unit       IIJI^ 


III     117  III  oil    117  n     litru       a  1*0 


flattered  by  victories,  the  balance  of  satisfaction  from 
the  events  of  the  l»te  war,  will  not  be  very  great. 


•h 


if, 


as 

when  the  whole  cost,  ia  lives  lost,  in  provert,  de- 
stroyed, and  in  property  expended,  shall  be  brought 
forward  as  a  charge  against  any  valuable  considera- 
tion  which  has  been  gained,  and  which  may  be  passed 
to  the  credit  of  the  United  States.    These,  however, 
are  calculations  to  be  made  by  the  politician  :  the  ac- 
counts,  probably,  will  not  be  all  b-ought  in,  and  set- 
tW,  by  the  present  generation.    The  things  which 
are  past,  can  neither  be  corrected,  or  prevented.     But 
past  experience  may  give  the  most  useful  instrucUon 
The  new,  and  very  unexpected  state  of  things*  m 
that  quarter  of  the  world,  which,  during  the  last  twen- 
ly  years,  hith  been  convulsed  with  wars,  and  cnm- 
soncd  with  the  blood  of  its  inhabitants,  and  where  we 
honed  peace  and  order  were  again  established,  may 
Sour  country  to  new  trials.     From  past  suffenng, 
M,e  American  people  will  be  warned  against  fu tare 
Jills    Should  heaven  see  fit  to  diminish  the  population 
oS  ;  older,  and  more  crowded  parts  of  the  world  we 
hopean'lpW,  «-  desolating  judgment  may  not  be 

sent  to  this  young  country.  ,  „   ,  .    ...  _„„ie 

The  advice  given  by  a  man  of  God  o  the  people 
of  Israel  long  aio,  may  with  great  propriety  be  givea 
1  tt  A«iri!a„'p;ople,  when  foreign  nations  are  pre- 
palng  for  war. '"  Btand  ye  still  :-stand  ye  still, 
''  and  see  the  salvation  of  the  Lord  !''t 


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